Geological Timeline Reflection

One major event is the Earth gaining oxygen. Originally, the Earth had 0% oxygen, before gradually accumulating it. This is major because we would not be here today without it. Another significant event was the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, which wiped out more than 90% of species. This greatly shapes the species we find on Earth today. Another large event was the Triassic-Jurassic extinction. This wiped out all the dinosaurs. This is significant because it led room for humans.
Earth has been around for a very long time, and what surprised me most was how long it had no life. In such a short time, we have dramatically changed our Earth. I think it is horrible that we have negatively affected Earth so quickly.
Questions I have are about the species lost in the mass extinction. How can scientists figure out the percentage of species lost?

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Candy Electrophoresis Lab

1. When you analyzed the results of your gel, did any of your experimental samples contain dyes that did not match the four reference dyes? All of the sample dyes corresponded to a reference dye, however, we found that yellow 5 was not found in any of the sample dyes. 2. Look at the structures of the dyes pictured here. Which of these dyes would migrate similarly to the dyes you examined in this lab? Why? I think blue 1, beetroot red, and carminic acid would travel at similar rates because they are similar sizes. Citrus red 2 and fast green FCF would go at similar paces to the rest of the dyes. 3. Many popular dry dog foods and dog treats have FD&C dyes among their ingredients. For example, Beneful dry food contains Yellow 5, Red 40, Yellow 6, and Blue 2, and Snausages Breakfast Bites contain Red 40 lake, Yellow 6 lake, and Yellow 5 lake. (Lake dyes are the insoluble forms of the FD&C dyes.) Why do dog food manufacturers put artificial food colors in dog food? Dyes are

Biology Collage

Bleaching Jeans!

In the jean lab, we set out to answer what concentration of bleach is best to fade the color out of new denim material in 10 minutes without visible damage to the fabric. Our hypothesis was if bleach breaks down pigments, then the denim will lose its color. We found that the 'best' concentration is dependent on what you're looking for and value. The 100% bleach had the most drastic results with an average of 9 in color removal. In the end, the pigment was more yellow than white. The fabric square was stiffer and the ends were frayed. (The ends were frayed because we cut it. Normally, when bleaching jeans, the hem wouldn't get frayed). This led it to have a fabric damage of 1 1/3. I would consider this one the 'best' because though the fabric turned yellow and is most likely not favorable, it took the color out of the denim. From reliable online sources, you can find data that supports our findings. This also proved our hypothesis because the bleach broke down th

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